2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-A0061
    Trifluridine
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Trifluridine (Trifluorothymidine) is an irreversible and orally active thymidylate synthase inhibitor, and thereby suppressing DNA synthesis. Trifluridine is an antiviral molecule used for research of HSV, rhabdovirus and orthopoxvirus infection. Trifluridine induces cell apoptosis and autophagy. Trifluridine is also an anticancer agent used in studies of metastatic colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal tumors.
    Trifluridine
  • HY-Y1055
    Guanine
    		Chemical ≥98.0%
    Guanine is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. Guanine has the potential to serve as a large-capacity N pool. Guanine has cytotoxic, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.
    Guanine
  • HY-103019
    (+)-Enitociclib
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    (+)-Enitociclib ((+)-BAY-1251152) is the enantiomer of Enitociclib (HY-103019E) with (+) optical rotation. Enitociclib is a selective CDK9 inhibitor and apoptosis inducer. Enitociclib inhibits CDK9 activity and reduces the phosphorylation of Ser2 in the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase Pol II, thereby downregulating the transcription of key oncogenes such as MYC and MCL1. Enitociclib has anti-proliferative activity targeting MYC+ lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) cells, and has synergistic effects with Bortezomib (HY-10227) and Lenalidomide (HY-A0003), and can be used in the research of hematological malignancies.
    (+)-Enitociclib
  • HY-13605A
    Cytarabine hydrochloride
    		99.67%
    Cytarabine hydrochloride, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine hydrochloride has antiviral effects against HSV.
    Cytarabine hydrochloride
  • HY-128729
    DNA2 inhibitor C5
    		Inhibitor 98.51%
    DNA2 inhibitor C5 is a potent, competitive, and specific DNA2 nuclease inhibitor with an IC50 of 20 μM. DNA2 inhibitor C5 inhibits the nuclease, DNA-dependent ATPase, helicase, and DNA-binding activities of DNA2. DNA2 inhibitor C5 can be used in breast cancer and colorectal cancer research.
    DNA2 inhibitor C5
  • HY-N0667
    L-Asparagine
    		≥98.0%
    L-Asparagine is an essential amino acid for leukemic cells and a substrate for L-Asparaginase. L-Asparaginase is a potent anti-leukemic enzyme that promotes asparagine (Asn) and glutamine (Gln) depletion and inhibits protein biosynthesis in lymphoblasts. Removal of L-asparagine from plasma by L-Asparaginase results in inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis and subsequent apoptosis. L-Asparaginase has cell-killing ability in vitro and in vivo, and selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells with low asparagine synthetase (AASNS) expression. L-Asparagine can be used as a biomarker and sensor for the study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    L-Asparagine
  • HY-110185
    NSC 617145
    		Inhibitor 99.18%
    NSC 617145 is a selective werner syndrome helicase (WRN) helicase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 230 nM. NSC 617145 inhibits WRN ATPase, and induces double-strand breaks (DSB) and chromosomal abnormalities. NSC 617145 shows selective for WRN over BLM, FANCJ, ChlR1, RecQ, and UvrD helicases.
    NSC 617145
  • HY-100236
    Madrasin
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Madrasin (DDD00107587) is a splicing inhibitor that prevents formation of both splicing intermediates and products in vitro and interferes with one or more early steps in the pathway of spliceosome assembly. Madrasin also can inhibit pre-mRNA splicing in vitro and modify splicing of endogenous pre-mRNA in cells.
    Madrasin
  • HY-N2306
    Aclacinomycin A
    		Inhibitor 99.30%
    Aclacinomycin A (Aclarubicin) is an orally active and potent anthracycline antitumor antibiotic. Aclacinomycin A is an inhibitor of topoisomerase I and II. Aclacinomycin A inhibits synthesis of nucleic acid, especially RNA. Aclacinomycin A might inhibit the 26S protease complex as well as the ubiquitin-ATP-dependent proteolysis.
    Aclacinomycin A
  • HY-112582C
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate trisodium solution (100mM)
    		≥99.0%
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100mM) is a nucleobase-modified nucleotide. N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100mM) is used for synthesizing mRNA with reduced immunogenicity and improved stability.
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate trisodium solution (100mM)
  • HY-13323A
    CX-5461 dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.41%
    CX-5461 dihydrochloride is a potent and orally bioavailable inhibitor of Pol I-mediated rRNA synthesis, with IC50s of 142 nM in HCT-116, 113 nM in A375, and 54 nM in MIA PaCa-2 cells, and shows little or no effect on Pol II (IC50 ≥25 μM).
    CX-5461 dihydrochloride
  • HY-18762
    6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine is a nucleoside analogue that can be incorporated into de novo-synthesized telomeres by telomerase.
    6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine
  • HY-13767
    Tirapazamine
    		Antagonist 99.02%
    Tirapazamine (SR259075) is an anticancer agent that shows selective cytotoxicity for hypoxic cells in solid tumors, thereby inducing single-and double-strand breaks in DNA, base damage, and cell death. Tirapazamine is an anticancer and bioreductive agent.Tirapazamine (SR259075) can enhance the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation in hypoxic cells.
    Tirapazamine
  • HY-151462
    RP-6685
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    RP-6685 is a potent, selective and orally active DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5.8 nM (PicoGreen assay). RP-6685 shows antitumor efficacy in mouse tumor xenograft model. RP-6685 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    RP-6685
  • HY-125818
    Cytidine-5'-triphosphate
    		≥98.0%
    Cytidine 5′-triphosphate (Cytidine triphosphate; 5'-CTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate and serves as a building block for nucleotides and nucleic acids, lipid biosynthesis. Cytidine triphosphate synthase can catalyze the formation of cytidine 5′-triphosphate from uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP). Cytidine 5′-triphosphate is an essential biomolecule in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway in T. gondii.
    Cytidine-5'-triphosphate
  • HY-124691
    D-I03
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    D-I03 is a selective RAD52 inhibitor with a Kd of 25.8 μM. D-I03 specifically inhibits RAD52-dependent single-strand annealing (SSA) and D-loop formation with IC50s of 5 μM and 8 μM, respectively. D-I03 suppresses growth of BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient cells and inhibits formation of damage-induced RAD52 foci, but does not effect on RAD51 foci induced by Cisplatin.
    D-I03
  • HY-W020044
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol is a synthetic vitamin E, with antioxidation effect. DL-alpha-Tocopherol protects human skin fibroblasts against the cytotoxic effect of UVB.
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol
  • HY-17580
    Fidaxomicin
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    Fidaxomicin (OPT-80), a macrocyclic antibiotic, is an orally active and potent RNA polymerase inhibitor. Fidaxomicin has a narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity and a good anti-Clostridium difficile activity (MIC90=0.12 μg/mL). Fidaxomicin can be used for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) research.
    Fidaxomicin
  • HY-124062
    TAS-114
    		99.76%
    TAS-114 is an orally active dual dUTPase/dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) inhibitor, can improving the therapeutic efficacy of fluoropyrimidine.
    TAS-114
  • HY-125276
    TH5487
    		Inhibitor 98.76%
    TH5487 is a potent 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 342 nM. TH5487 stops OGG1 from recognizing its DNA substrate, inhibits DNA repair and modifies OGG1 chromatin dynamics, which results in the inhibition of proinflammatory pathway genes.
    TH5487
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity